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2.9.2 Ancient notation—common features
| Pre-defined contexts | ||
| Ligatures | ||
| Custodes | ||
| Figured bass support |
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Pre-defined contexts
For Gregorian chant and mensural notation, there are pre-defined
voice and staff contexts available, which set all the various
notation signs to values suitable for these styles. If one is
satisfied with these defaults, one can proceed directly with note
entry without worrying about the details on how to customize a
context. See one of the pre-defined contexts
VaticanaVoice, VaticanaStaff, MensuralVoice,
and MensuralStaff. See further
参照
Music Glossary:
mensural notation
.
Notation Reference:
Gregorian chant contexts,
Mensural contexts.
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Ligatures
A ligature is a graphical symbol that represents at least two
distinct notes. Ligatures originally appeared in the manuscripts
of Gregorian chant notation to denote ascending or descending
sequences of notes on the same syllable. They are also used in
mensural notation.
Ligatures are entered by enclosing them in \[ and
\]. Some ligature styles may need additional input syntax
specific for this particular type of ligature. By default, the
LigatureBracket engraver just puts a square bracket
above the ligature.
\transpose c c' { \[ g c a f d' \] a g f \[ e f a g \] }
![[image of music]](../0b/lily-30296b32.png)
Two other ligature styles are available: the Vaticana for
Gregorian chant, and the Mensural for mensural music (only white
mensural ligatures are supported for mensural music, and with
certain limitations). To use any of these styles, the default
Ligature_bracket_engraver has to be replaced with one of the
specialized ligature engravers in the Voice context,
as explained in White mensural ligatures and
Gregorian square neume ligatures.
参照
Music Glossary:
ligature
.
Notation Reference:
White mensural ligatures,
Gregorian square neume ligatures.
既知の問題と警告
Ligatures need special spacing that has not yet been implemented. As
a result, there is too much space between ligatures most of the time,
and line breaking often is unsatisfactory. Also, lyrics do not
correctly align with ligatures.
Accidentals must not be printed within a ligature, but instead need to
be collected and printed in front of it.
The syntax still uses the deprecated infix style
\[ music expr \]. For consistency reasons, it will eventually
be changed to postfix style note\[ ... note\].
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Custodes
A custos (plural: custodes; Latin word for “guard”
)
is a symbol that appears at the end of a staff. It anticipates the
pitch of the first note of the following line, thus helping the performer
to manage line breaks during performance.
Custodes were frequently used in music notation until the
seventeenth century. Nowadays, they have survived only in a few
particular forms of musical notation such as contemporary editions
of Gregorian chant like the Editio Vaticana. There are
different custos glyphs used in different flavors of notational
style.
For typesetting custodes, just put a Custos_engraver into the
Staff context when declaring the \layout block,
and change the style of the custos with an \override if
desired, as shown in the following example:
![[image of music]](../27/lily-ef012c0e.png)
The custos glyph is selected by the style property. The styles
supported are vaticana, medicaea, hufnagel, and
mensural. They are demonstrated in the following fragment.
![[image of music]](../b0/lily-4f9e0486.png)
参照
Music Glossary:
custos
.
Snippets:
Ancient notation
.
Internals Reference:
Custos
.
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Figured bass support
There is limited support for figured bass notation from the
Baroque period; see 通奏低音.
参照
Music Glossary:
figured bass
.
Notation Reference:
通奏低音.
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